diff --git a/src/app.js b/src/app.js
index b9a9c12..f00c814 100644
--- a/src/app.js
+++ b/src/app.js
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@
 app.set("view engine", "handlebars");
 app.set("views", "./src/views");
 
-app.use(setupMiddleware());
+setupMiddleware(app);
 
 port = process.env.PORT || 3400;
 
diff --git a/src/middleware/index.js b/src/middleware/index.js
index 994cff5..1f75393 100644
--- a/src/middleware/index.js
+++ b/src/middleware/index.js
@@ -16,8 +16,7 @@
   morganError,
 } = require("./logging");
 
-function setupMiddleware() {
-  const app = express();
+function setupMiddleware(app) {
   app.use(logEvent);
   app.use(morganInfo);
   app.use(morganWarn);
@@ -30,7 +29,7 @@
   app.use(express.json({ limit: "4kb" }));
   app.use(bodyParser.urlencoded({ extended: false, limit: "4kb" }));
   app.use(compression());
-  app.use(validateRequestIntegrity());
+  app.use(validateRequestIntegrity);
   app.use(
     "/static",
     express.static("public", {
@@ -51,7 +50,6 @@
     next(err);
   });
   app.use(errorHandler);
-  return app;
 }
 
 module.exports = setupMiddleware;